how was tsar nicholas ii related to queen victoriageorgia guidestones time capsule
how was tsar nicholas ii related to queen victoria
What happened to these priceless Romanov tiaras after 1917 Revolution? For the rulers of the world's three greatest nations - King George V of Great Britain and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia on the one hand, and the German Kaiser on the other - were not simply cousins, they were first cousins. It didnt take poison and several bullets to kill him. Either way, most of them had very little say in the conduct of the war. 25 May] 1872 - 17 July 1918), Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine at birth, was the last Empress of Russia as the consort of Emperor Nicholas II from their marriage on 26 November [ O.S. He realised that, to most of his subjects, the Tsar was a bloodstained tyrant, that the Empress Alexandra was accused of being pro-German and that this was no time for a constitutional monarch, apprehensive of his own position, to be extending the hand of friendship to an autocrat - however closely related. Why did Britains King George V betray Russias last tsar? Nicholas IIs father was Tsar Alexander III, and his mother was Maria Fyodorovna, daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark. On January 27, 1859, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany was born to Frederick III and Victoria, Princess Royal, the sister of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (George's father). Is Natasha Romanoff related to the Romanovs? Her relatives were murdered by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution in 1918, and she was a distant cousin of Russia's last tsar, Nicholas II. I was devoted to Nicky, who was the kindest of men and thorough gentleman: loved his country and people.. That very morning, the Russian Imperial family41-year-old Nicholas, his wife, 37-year-old Czarina Alexandra, and five children, ranging from 13-year-old Olga to the 5-year-old Tsarevich Alexeihad arrived at the rendezvous off the Isle of Wight on their own yacht, the Standart. What was the Poor Law in the Victorian era? How was tsar nicholas ii related to queen victoria. Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov [d] (18 May [ O.S. Nancy Bilyeau, a former staff editor at InStyle, Rolling Stone and Entertainment Weekly, has written a thriller set in the 18th century art and porcelain world titled 'The Blue.' As others have pointed out they were distantly related by blood via a common ancestor. He furthermore patronized an extremist right-wing organization, the Union of the Russian People, which sanctioned terrorist methods and disseminated anti-Semitic propaganda. Grand Duchess Anna Fyodorovna of Russia (17811860), ne Princess Julianne of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. We take a closer look at the Windsor-Romanov relations. Proposals were floated for the Russian royals to go into exile and settle in England. Nicholas II was an uncompromising autocrat, and this stance helped provoke the Russian Revolution of 1905. George and Nicholas saw each other one more time. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. Nicholas also had other irresponsible favourites, often men of dubious probity who provided him with a distorted picture of Russian life, but one that he found more comforting than that contained in official reports. (family tree image by Marcia Underwood; see essay for image credits) Wilhelm's mother was the sister of George's father; George's mother and Nicholas' mother were . He was indifferent to luxury. Since the emperor had no experience of war, almost all his ministers protested against this step as likely to impair the armys morale. She always signed all documents using the name under which she went down in history: Victoria. Who, seeing this collection of royalty clattering by, could doubt that the institution of kingship was flourishing? Queen Victoria, a distant relative to Nicholas II of Russia (r. 1894-1939), reigned as monarch from 1840 to 1917. They have two children, the twins Princess Gabriella and Hereditary Prince Jacques.Albert II, Prince of Monaco. After Nicholas II, George Vs first cousin, was overthrown from the Russian throne during the Revolution of 1917, the British Government offered Nicholas II and his family political asylum but George V opposed this decision, seeing the Romanovs presence in his country inappropriate. If their grandmother Queen Victoria had still been alive, said the Kaiser, she would never have allowed them to go to war with each other. Once he ascended the throne, Nicholas II had to marry and have children expediently, in order to secure a future heir to the throne. The future Duke of Windsor thought that the second oldest daughter of Nicholas, Grand Duchess Tatiana, was pretty, leading to a series of tantalizing What Ifs.. But storm clouds were gathering on this summer visit. Ten Noteworthy Moments In U.S. (She told him to call her "Granny.") The couple had their first child, a daughter named Olga, in 1895. Republican envoys were firmly relegated to the end of the procession. Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna of Russia, 1911. Trailed by anxious detectives, the two oldest, Olga and Tatiana, even ventured into the town of Cowes, buying postcards and trinkets in local shops. On the second day, Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia were determined to go to the island, and would not take no for an answer. The Russian tsar Nicholas II was assassinated with his family by the Bolsheviks in 1918, and he is regarded as the country's last tsar. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy. In 1909, 10 years before the assassination of the tsar and his family, two kings and their families gathered for a final meal. In pursuing the path of duty, Nicholas had to wage a continual struggle against himself, suppressing his natural indecisiveness and assuming a mask of self-confident resolution. He didnt sleep with the Tsarina or her daughters, though he did touch and kiss women when meeting them.Thats the scope of the drama Rasputin was at the center of. He is also a cousin to the Russian royal family (more on that below). Philip's children and grandchildren, including William and Harry, are therefore related to the Romanovs too. He lacked, however, the strength of will necessary in one who had such an exalted conception of his task. Completely cut off from the ordinary world in their heavily guarded St. Petersburg palace of Tsarkoe Selo, the girls took pleasure in digging for shells and building sandcastles on the beach. Weak as water was the private opinion Edward VII held of his nephew, while the shy and reserved Nicholas felt that the gregarious King Edward patronized him. But the emperor distrusted him and allowed his position to be undermined by intrigue. Its hard to say something definite about their relations but rumors were that the two young people had fallen for each other. Click here to find out more. Who is the closest living relative to Queen Victoria? In 1894, Victorias grand-daughter Alix, Princess of Hesse and by Rhine, got engaged with Nicholas Alexandrovich, the heir to the Russian throne. The power vacuum was filled by Alexandra, who elevated unqualified favourites like Rasputin and disregarded signs of impending revolution. He changed the German name of his House - Saxe-Coburg-Gotha - to the undeniably British one of Windsor. In Russia, Princess Juliane became Grand Duchess Anna Feodorovna. The Queen, Prince Philip, and all of their descendants are also related to the Romanovs through Queen Victoria, as she was Tsarina Alexandra's grandmother. By the year 1914 kings no longer led their armies into battle. Learn how Bloody Sunday of 1905 and the outbreak of World War I led to the collapse of the reign of Tsar Nicholas Romanov. Queen Victoria opposed the marriage, though she personally liked tsarevich Nicholas she found Russia too volatile and not safe for a young lady. In 1891, construction on the Trans-Siberian railroad had begun, connecting Russia with the Pacific Coast. Theo Aronson portrays the European Royal Families at War. In his absence, supreme power in effect passed, with his approval and encouragement, to the empress. Before it happened, can anyone blame this family of kings, or their subjects, for assuming that a war between these crowned cousins was all but impossible? Last updated 2011-03-10. Even if it was true, it could not lead anywhere, as Russia and Great Britain were two rivaling countries in Europe: Alexander went back to St. Petersburg and Victoria married Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who would end up dying in 1861, leaving her in mourning for the rest of her life. Her adoring letters to her son make startling reading today. After the assassination of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand at Sarajevo, he tried hard to avert the impending war by diplomatic action and resisted, until July 30, 1914, the pressure of the military for general, rather than partial, mobilization. The 1909 meeting was not purely personalit was also designed to solidify an alliance. Why was Victoria chosen as the capital of BC? None of the legends about Rasputin are borne out by the facts. The emperor proved such a devoted family man that his journal entries, which were meant to log official affairs of state, instead focused on the everyday goings-on of his wife and kids. King Georg. Permission has kindly been granted by the Royal Archives at Windsor to use extracts from Queen . Nevertheless, there were several things that brought her close to the Russian royal family. Although, technically, Franz Joseph, Nicholas II and Wilhelm II could perhaps have curtailed the coming hostilities, they were at the mercy of more powerful forces: the generals, the politicians, the arms manufacturers, and the relentless timetables of mobilisation. Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, King George V of Britain and Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany were cousins. Portrait of Emperor Alexander I - Alexandrina Victoria was actually named after him. Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (1781-1860) was the wife of Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia (1779-1831), brother of Emperor Alexander I of Russia (1777-1825). No two people were ever more devoted as she and he are, she wrote in her diary on their betrothal. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. It was a war that inflicted untold horrors on both countries. Is Queen Elizabeth related to the Romanovs? In response, Nicholas II appointed himself commander-in-chief, so he could take direct control of the military from Grand Duke Nicholas, against the advice of his ministers. One of her children ("Alix," or Alexandra) married the man who would become Tsar Nicholas II, emperor of Russia. As a result, Japan felt increasingly threatened. In the nineteenth century, many members of the European royal families were closely related to each other. On July 17, 1918, the Bolsheviks murdered Nicholas, his family, and their closest retainers. Such a presentation was only to be expected. But papers released in the 1980s showed that it was George himselffearing that the British monarchy was losing supportwho felt he could not take the risk of welcoming to England a man whom the public decried as a blood-stained tyrant. The demonstrators appealed to Nicholas II to improve working conditions and establish a popular assembly. 41 Questions from Britannicas Most Popular World History Quizzes, Emperors and Empresses from Around the (Non-Roman) World Quiz, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-II-tsar-of-Russia, Alpha History - Biography of Tsar Nicholas II, RT Russiapedia - Biography of Nicholas II, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Tsar Nicholas II, Jewish Virtual Library - Biography of Nicholas, Nicholas II - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Nicholas II - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Nevertheless,the Queen never was fond of her first name and preferred to drop it as soon as she sat on the throne in 1837. Kaiser Wilhelm II and George V at Potsdam, 1913 Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Neither of them much liked Wilhelm, and their countries were formally allied against Germany. As Alfred became the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (in Germany), inheriting the title from his uncle, Maria was happy to move to Germany just to avoid seeing her mother-in-law. Queen Victoria herself was the last monarch of the House of Hanover. Answer (1 of 13): King George V was a maternal first cousin of the Tsar and a paternal first cousin of the Kaiser. So the Russian Imperial family was left to its fate. He's the grandson of Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia, who was a first cousin of Nicholas II. On such giant waves, they could only bob about like so many corks. Nicholas was the first Russian sovereign to show personal interest in Asia, visiting in 1891, while still tsesarevich, India, China, and Japan; later he nominally supervised the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material. How was Tsar Nicholas related to Kaiser Wilhelm? From left to right: Alexandra Feodorovna, Tsarina of Russia; the infant Grand Duchess Olga; Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia; Queen Victoria of England; and Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (and the future Edward VII). She was followed by a third, named Maria, in 1899 and a fourth, named Anastasia, in 1901. By the end of the war, with his armies facing military defeat, he was overwhelmed by the forces of republicanism and revolution that he had always more-or-less ignored, and he was forced to abdicate. When 20-year-old Victoria met Alexander Nikolayevich, the Russian tsarevich and future Emperor Alexander II in 1839, she had already been a Queen for two years and the royal family was actively looking for a husband. In the spring of 1918, Russia was engaged in a civil war. The Russian public blamed Nicholas II for his poor military decisions, and Empress Alexandra for her ill-advised role in government. Standing side by side, the first cousins could be mistaken for twinsfive foot seven inches tall, they sported dark trimmed mustaches and van dyke beards. Is Czar Nicholas related to Queen Victoria? Get the week's best stories straight to your inbox. Where there had been a clamour for extended suffrage, they had agreed to it. Queen Victoria was sometimes called the Grandmamma of Europe, and there was hardly a Continental court that did not boast at least one of her relations. Although he believed himself to be an absolute ruler as ordained by God, Nicholas II was eventually forced to concede to creating an elected legislature, called the Duma. If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material. Why were people unhappy with Czar Nicholas II? He was also married to her granddaughter, Alix (Alexandra) of Hesse and thus her grandson-in-law. In the main, it was those sovereigns without personal power who kept their thrones, and those wielding too much power who lost them. How is Queen Elizabeth related to Tsar Nicholas? Troops opened fire on the demonstrators, killing more than a thousand people in what would come to be called the infamous Bloody Sunday.. Every item on this page was chosen by a Town & Country editor. A new episode of The Crown delves into the bonds between the two families. Grand Duchesses Maria, Tatiana, Anastasia and Olga, daughters of Tsar Nicholas II Romanov of Russia and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova. Later, in the 1870s, when Russia won a war against the Ottoman Empire and London and St. Petersburg were on the brink of war, as the British feared Russia controlling the Middle East, Victoria said: You cant trust these Russians.. Victoria is known as the grandmother of Europe as her children married into royal families across the continent. This is something Czar Nicholas doubtless empathized with. His downfall brought an end to 3 centuries of rule by the Romanov Dynasty. Alternatively, Prince Philip, who was born on 10June 1921 on the Greek island of Corfu to Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg, is related to Queen Victoria through his mothers side. Nicholas II was the first cousin of King George V of England as both of their mothers Marie and Alexandra were the daughters of King Christian IX of Denmark. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. The Duma was slighted, and voluntary patriotic organizations were hampered in their efforts; the gulf between the ruling group and public opinion grew steadily wider. But, in the 1890s, as Russia experienced economic growth, it began to expand its industry into the Far East. In March 1917, riots broke out in St Petersburg, and a week later Nicholas II heard that a hastily assembled provisional government had decided that he must abdicate. In fact, when the remains of two children thought to be Maria and Alexei Romanov were found in a field in 2007, it was Prince Philip's DNA that was used to identify them, news which was revealed in 2016. To add another British connection to the Russian Imperial family, the Queen's first cousin, Prince Michael of Kent, is also uniquely related to the Romanovs. To his wife, Alexandra, whom he had married on November 26, 1894, Nicholas was passionately devoted. Click here to find out more. The name Saxe-Coburg-Gotha came into the British Royal Family in 1840 with the marriage of Queen Victoria to Prince Albert, son of Ernst, Duke of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha. What Winston Churchill once described as 'the old world in its sunset' had never been captured more brilliantly than at the funeral of King Edward VII in May 1910. With self-preservation being one of the chief motivations of monarchy, by 1910 Europe's sovereigns, or at least their advisers, had had the foresight to adapt themselves to the more liberal tenor of the times. Author of. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Tel: 020 7416 5320 Embracing the story of modern warfare, the IWM is particularly strong on World War One. Russias defeat not only frustrated Nicholass grandiose dreams of making Russia a great Eurasian power, with China, Tibet, and Persia under its control, but also presented him with serious problems at home, where discontent grew into the revolutionary movement of 1905. No less misguided was his decision to leave the capital in the hands of his stronger-willed consort, the Empress Alexandra, who was entirely under the influence of the mysterious starets (spiritual advisor) Rasputin. All of those sentiments connected to Russia meant nothing to Victoria when compared to the political rivalry. With Serbia's apology not proving abject enough, relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary were broken off. George V visits the Western Front, c.1918 After an absence of nearly four years, I am pleased to announce that my semi-annual periodical Sovereign: The Life and Reign of Emperor Nicholas II will resume publication next year. Between 2015 and 2019, I published a total of . His view of his role as autocrat was childishly simple: he derived his authority from God, to whom alone he was responsible, and it was his sacred duty to preserve his absolute power intact. Nicholas II's mother, Maria Feodorovna, had been born in Denmark. The Romanovs were forced to go to Siberia, and there they died. In 1917, the British king George V. Neither by upbringing nor by temperament was Nicholas fitted for the complex tasks that awaited him as autocratic ruler of a vast empire. Generally Tsar Nicholas II is considered to have been a relatively poor leader. There was not a speck of hysterical mysticism in Prince Georges wife, Mary. Confining his military activities to the occasional inspecting of troops, he met the threat of social unrest by identifying the crown with the day-to-day wartime lives of his subjects: visiting hospitals, touring factories, conferring decorations. Whatever the powers of these rulers - whether they were autocrats as in Russia, or virtually powerless constitutional monarchs as in Great Britain - their prestige and position remained almost intact. In light of the episode, we're resurfacing our 2020 feature on the true story of whether King George V could have saved Russia's last imperial family. But there certainly was love between the future Emperor Nicholas II and his bride, which consoled Victoria to some extent. Born in Madrid, Romanov is the son of Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna Romanova, the self-proclaimed heir to Russias imperial throne. When World War I broke out in 1914, the conflict quickly became "a savage rebuke to the idea that close familial links . What towns are between Nanaimo and Victoria? The next issue - the No. But their execution didn't wipe out the Romanov bloodline entirely; their modern relatives include members of British royal family, including King Charles and Princes William and Harry. Because Alexandra was originally from Germany, suspicion spread that she might have even deliberately sabotaged Russia, ensuring its defeat in the war. Luckily for her, Victoria didnt see it: her life ended in 1901, finishing her incredibly long reign. Alexander I was absent during the ceremony, yet he allowed the heiress to be named after him, explainedhistorian Natalia Basovskaya. In fact, it is Queen Victoria's connection to the Romanov's that links many members of European royal families to the doomed Russian royals. The main objective of Nicholas IIs foreign policy during his early reign was to maintain the status quo in Europe, rather than to conquer new territory. After he married, it was his mother, not his wife, who picked out all the furniture for York Cottage, the house George and Mary, who had six children, lived in for 33 years. He was another first cousin of George V, whose mother, Alexandra of Denmark, was the sister of the Tsars mother, Dagmar of Denmark. He had received a military education from his tutor, and his tastes and interests were those of the average young Russian officers of his day. Maria Alexandrovna with her husband Alfred (Victoria's son) and their child. Prince Michael is related to the last Tsar through his maternal grandmother, Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna. Soon after his accession Nicholas proclaimed his uncompromising views in an address to liberal deputies from the zemstvos, the self-governing local assemblies, in which he dismissed as senseless dreams their aspirations to share in the work of government. Photo: Xavier ROSSI/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images, 70 Rare Photos From Princess Dianas Wedding, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Nikolai Aleksandrovich Romanov, Birth Year: 1868, Birth date: May 6, 1868, Birth City: Pushkin, Birth Country: Russia. Updates? It wasnt Queen Victoria who shaped the British foreign policy, as she relied on her governmental leaders, but she strongly supported the anti-Russian cause. What is the difference between Tsar and Czar? Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin, who replaced Witte and carried out the coup of June 16, 1907, dissolving the second Duma, was loyal to the dynasty and a capable statesman. I never wanted to become one. However, the invitation was later withdrawn. The outbreak of World War I temporarily strengthened the monarchy, but Nicholas did little to maintain his peoples confidence. Is Prince Albert of Monaco related to the Queen? How was Tsar Nicholas related to Kaiser Wilhelm? The British sovereign, in the person of King George V, handled things much better. Crowns in Conflict by Theo Aronson (John Murray, 1986), Royal Sunset by Gordon Brook-Shepherd (Doubleday, 1987), Nicholas and Alexandra by Robert Massie (Gollancz, 1968), King George V by Kenneth Rose (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1983), The Fall of the Dynasties by Edmond Taylor (Doubleday, I963). By the spring of 1905, his fleet was decimated in the Battle of Tsushima. Though he possessed great personal charm, he was by nature timid; he shunned close contact with his subjects, preferring the privacy of his family circle. I never wanted to become one. When Nicholas II was 19 years old he joined the army. Black Widows real name is Natasha Romanova in most of the Marvel stories in which she appears. Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was the last Russia emperor. When he tried to get home to Petrograd, the Duma (the elected legislature), which had by then turned on him, prevented him from boarding the train. On July 16, 1918, imprisoned Czar Nicholas II, his wife, and their five children were awoken in the middle of the night and led down to a basement room. To some, the Romanovs personified wealth and privilege, with their palaces, art collections, and Faberge eggs. The emperor, mild of manner, was tough as old boots. Despite this concession, Nicholas II still stubbornly continued to resist government reform, included those suggested by the newly elected minister of the interior, Peter Stolypin. For food, he favored simple Russian dishes like beetroot soup, cabbage soup, or porridge.. In December of that year, Nicholas IIs army was forced to surrender Port Arthur. The four-day visit was far from the first meeting of these two royal families. Season five, episode six of .css-gegin5{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#9a0500;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-gegin5:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}The Crown, Ipatiev House, focuses on the relationship between the British royal family and the Romanovs, and how Prince Philip's DNA helped to identify the Romanovs' remains. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Queen Victorias Descendants Hardcover April 1, 1998. Czar is the most common form in American usage and the one nearly always employed in the extended senses any tyrant or informally one in authority. But tsar is preferred by most scholars of Slavic studies as a more accurate transliteration of the Russian and is often found in scholarly writing with reference to one. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. Given her attitude towards Russia, Victoria was not particularly happy about her second son Prince Alfred marrying Maria Alexandrovna, the only daughter of Alexander II, in St. Petersburg but she had to put up with it as the prince was in love with Maria. In 1904 Alexandra gave birth to the longed-for male heir, Alexei. This finally alerted Europe's family of kings to the danger that threatened them. Imperial War Museum Lambeth Road, London SE1 6HZ. Astrological Sign: Taurus, Death Year: 1918, Death date: July 16, 1918, Death City: Yekaterinburg, Death Country: Russia, Article Title: Nicholas II Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/royalty/nicholas-ii, Publisher: A&E; Television Networks, Last Updated: May 26, 2021, Original Published Date: April 2, 2014. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, a descendant of King Edward VII, is currently the oldest living great-great-grandchild of Queen Victoria as well as her oldest living descendant. Maria Feodorovna provided a nurturing family environment during Nicholas IIs upbringing. She is the granddaughter of Grand Duke Kirill, a cousin of Nicholas II, the last Russian tsar who was executed along with his wife Alexandra and five children by the Bolsheviks in 1918. His dedication to the dogma of autocracy was an inadequate substitute for a constructive policy, which alone could have prolonged the imperial regime. Under her influence he sought the advice of spiritualists and faith healers, most notably Grigori Rasputin, who eventually acquired great power over the imperial couple. Its organizer, David Hill, said to the BBC, "History hasn't always portrayed him well, but we thought it was important history is remembered and that the Tsar was recognised here in Cowes where he spent happy times.". All of Queen Victorias archive and memorabilia connected with her relations to the royal houses of Europe, including Russia, can be found in Osborne House, a former royal residence in East Cowes, Isle of Wight, the United Kingdom. But possibly the best illustration of the British monarch's ability to preserve his own best interests was in the matter of a place of refuge for the Russian Imperial family. Kaiser Wilhelm II (Willie) was particularly assiduous in keeping touch with his cousins Georgie and Nicky. Theyre both related to Queen Victoria, who had nine kids: four sons and five daughters. And although monarchy might not have been a perfect system of government, it was perhaps preferable to what followed.
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